Eksploatacja siły roboczej migrantów w rolnictwie Unii Europejskiej

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Aldona Zawojska


Słowa kluczowe : wykorzystywanie pracowników, praca przymusowa, migranci zagraniczni, sektor rolny, UE
Abstrakt
Badanie ma na celu przyczynienie się do pogłębienia zrozumienia zjawiska wykorzystywania (wyzysku) siły roboczej i jego objawów. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcje eksploatacji siły roboczej, wykorzystując teoretyczną perspektywę zaproponowaną przez Marksa, ekonomistów neoklasycznych, libertarian oraz filozofów politycznych, a także formalne/prawne podejście zawarte w protokołach ONZ i dyrektywach UE. Badanie bazuje na przeglądzie literatury naukowej, oficjalnych raportów oraz artykułów prasowych i innych doniesień medialnych. W artykule jednoznacznie wykazano, że eksploatacja zagranicznych migrantów zarobkowych rzeczywiście istnieje w sektorach rolnych UE, a co więcej, że należą one do czołowych sektorów gospodarki o najwyższym ryzyku nadmiernego wykorzystywania siły roboczej. W 10 krajach UE sektor rolnictwa, leśnictwa i rybołówstwa został uplasowany na pierwszym miejscu wśród sektorów, w których zatrudnieni najbardziej narażeni są na ryzyko eksploatacji. Cudzoziemscy pracownicy rolni doświadczają wielu form wykorzystywania, począwszy od nędznych wynagrodzeń, poprzez niewolnictwo za długi, a kończąc na fizycznym i psychicznym znęcaniu się. Ofiary tego procederu w UE pochodzą z różnych części świata: Afryki, Azji oraz Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej (w tym z innych krajów UE).

Article Details

Jak cytować
Zawojska, A. (2016). Eksploatacja siły roboczej migrantów w rolnictwie Unii Europejskiej. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika I Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, (116), 37–55. https://doi.org/10.22630/EIOGZ.2016.116.44
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